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Our purpose was to list the plants held to be antifertility agents in the island. Chenopodium ambrosioides, Momordica charantia) are used to treat intestinal parasites. 2. Voodoo, a traditional religion, is widely known for this hybrid form of care. Especially dominant are the soothing effects it is known to have on small infants. She is a believer of remed fey, or bush medicine. About 75% of the inhabitants live in urban areas, where Camagey, Florida and Nuevitas are the major cities. Of these, about three quarters were reported with the same medicinal uses, and the remaining quarter with different uses. Inventory of medicinal plants used by Haitian immigrants and their descendants in the Province of Camagey, Cuba. Terms and Conditions, Volpato, G., Godnez, D., Beyra, A. et al. And it is precisely that useful function and the needs it fulfils that keep herbal healing alive and well in both Haiti and the Ozarks. Data also suggest that culturally relevant plants (those cited by more informants and with a greater number of uses) are often used in different qualitative ways by migrants and hosts. Naomie Phillis, 50, sells traditional herbal medicine in Ption-Ville, a suburb of Port-au-Prince, Haiti's capital. Although medicinal uses of these plants are not absent from the Cuban pharmacopoeia, they may in some cases be restricted to Haitian descendants and to Cubans who have been influenced by the migrants' culture. By listening to them, going along into the woods when they gathered and doing reading on my own, I too began to gather and use medicinal herbs. She learned from her mother, who learned from her mother, who learned from her mother and so on. I might add though, that there is a nebulous line between what constitutes an emmenogogue or abortifacient, but the desired result is the instigation of bleeding. For example, a small spoonful of the hairs of the fruits of Mucuna pruriens is mixed with Psidium guayaba jam and ingested before breakfast for three days; the massive diarrhea that follows is supposed to eliminate all worms from the gut and the stomach, as reported also by Seoane [16]. Correspondence to Estudio etnobotnico I. Revista Cubana de Farmacia. In some Caribbean grocery stores and health food stores,cerasee is sold in tea bags or dried. Revealing Latinos' plant-healing knowledge and practices in New York City. Hernndez J, Volpato G: Herbal mixtures in the traditional medicine of eastern Cuba. Down through the ages women have had to deal with menstrual cramps, excessive bleeding, water retention and unwanted pregnancy, just to name a few. 10.1663/0013-0001(2004)058[0381:EOPATC]2.0.CO;2. Since Haitians have very limited access to the attentions of doctors and modern medicine when ill, their reliance on leaf-doctoring is essential to remedying their sicknesses and maintaining a state of good health. Cultural aspects related to traditional plant posology are addressed, as well as changes and adaptation of Haitian medicinal knowledge with emigration and integration over time. Among the Haitians interviewed, 21 migrated to Cuba between 19131926, ten are the offspring of Haitian couples who entered Cuba during the same period, and three more left Haiti between 19461954. To some, the wild green plant with five point leaves may be just an annoying weed, but to many in South Floridas Caribbean community Jamaicans, Bahamians,Trinidadians, Haitians -- its the "it" plant for just about every ailment. 1985, 497-509. Rituality based on 'sacred' numbers represents, in these cases, a simple way of memorizing the proper dose to be used, as well as a contribution to the efficacy of the remedy by calling upon supernatural forces and entities related to those numbers. In: Pieroni A, Price LL, editor. In these contexts, the main forces that drive change in the cultural domain of traditional medicinal knowledge are: (1) the adaptation of the original knowledge to the new (host) environment (through substitution of no longer accessible traditional remedies with locally available ones, and the incorporation of remedies from the host culture into migrants' own pharmacopoeia); and (2) the development of strategies to obtain the original remedies (through cultivation, gathering, or marketing of the original remedies, and the development of social networks that link migrants to relatives and friends in the place of origin) [47, 48]. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 34 Haitians (21 women and 13 men) whose ages ranged from 45 to 102 years (mean age 68), in the following communities: Central Brasil, Jiqu, Aguacate, Esmeralda, Antn, Batey Varela (Antn), San Serapio, Caidije, La Jagua, Macuto 2, Camagey (neighbourhoods of Puerto Prncipe, Bellavista, Florat, and La Guernica). https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-5-16, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-5-16. Cerasee or asosi is typically prepared as a tea: Wash the vine; throw it into a pot of water --leaves, stems and all. Additional file 1 lists the plant species cited by informants in alphabetical order according to their scientific name, along with their botanical families, vernacular Cuban and Haitian names (as reported by informants during the fieldwork), voucher specimen numbers, parts used, preparation of the remedies, medicinal use, and frequency of mention. 1979, La Habana, Cuba: Editorial de Ciencias Sociales, Guanche J, Garcia AJ: Ethnic history. Google Scholar. The rural Missourian who uses herbs does so out of an unwillingness to give up a part of her heritage. Boletn de Resea de Plantas Medicinales. An ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants commercialized in the markets of La Paz and El Alto, Bolivia. In the latter province, they mainly settled in Haitian communities such as Caidije and Guanamaca, thus permitting the perpetuation of their own culture, including the voodoo religion and the creole language [9-12]. My own interest in herbal healing dates back twenty years when I moved to a rural area in the Ozarks and had occasion to meet local people who gathered herbs and used them to treat various ailments. Among the peoples of African origin who settled in Cuba throughout the centuries, Haitians played an important role shaping Cuban culture and traditional ethnobotanical knowledge. [21-25]. Medicinal plants used by Haitian immigrants and their descendants in the Province of Camagey, Cuba. 2007, Oxford: Berghahn Books, 64-85. Among the peoples of African origin who settled in Cuba throughout the centuries, Haitians played an important role shaping Cuban culture and traditional ethnobotanical knowledge. [15] and in other studies about traditional Cuban medicine [18, 42], their use among Cubans is not as widespread or as differentiated as among Haitian descendants. Pieroni A, Mnz H, Akbulut M, Baser KHC, Durmuskahya C: Traditional phytotherapy and transcultural pharmacy among Turkish immigrants living in Cologne, Germany. Afro-Caribbean pharmacopoeia is that body of knowledge and practices around medicinal plants which finds its origins in the cultures of African slaves brought to the Caribbean [50]. Some 22 herbal mixtures are reported, including formulas for a preparation obtained using the fruit of Crescentia cujete. Topical application as a pomade or plaster is used in 10% of the remedies, while frictioning, preferred with preparations for rheumatisms and arthritis, accounts for two per cent. Edited by: Pieroni A, Vandebroek I. The species belong to 112 genera and 63 families, with a prevalence of Annona and Citrus (three species each) among the genera, and among the families of Fabaceae (9.8%), Asteraceae (6.5%), Euphorbiaceae and Verbenaceae (4.9%), Lamiaceae and Rutaceae (3.3%). An ethnobotanical investigation was conducted to collect information on medicinal plant use by Haitian immigrants and their descendants in the Province of Camagey, Cuba. (Colon, 154).. More emphasis is given, though to its calming and sedative effects than its purifying. The Province of Camagey is located between 2031'01" and 2229'00" latitude North and 7657'00" longitude West from Greenwich. When first beginning to study Haiti, I was intrigued to learn that leaf-doctoring, or herbal cures, are an integral part of many Haitians' health care regimens. Herbal baths are important in Haitian culture in both spiritual and medicinal practices, and represent the second most important category of administration, after ingestion. Some 22 herbal mixtures are reported, including formulas for a preparation obtained using the fruit of Crescentia cujete. Edited by: Pieroni A, Vandebroek I. Article Besides single medicinal plants, informants also reported 22 herbal mixtures that are mostly prepared as a concoction of plants or plant parts and ingested. Special thanks are due to all of the Haitian respondents and their families for their kindness and for agreeing to share their knowledge with us, with oral consent being provided for figure 2; to the members of the Asociacin de Haitianos de Camagey; to Patricia Howard for her commentaries and suggestions. GUID:FB7A69D3-5F4B-4A23-86B2-F73B140ADACB. Ososki AL, Balick MJ, Daly DC. Boil and simmer until the water turns a murky greenish brown. The use of herbal medicine is common in Haiti, where the knowledge of plants is passed down through the generations, and Haitians are known to use the hibiscus flower and the cerasee plant . Jordan confirms these abortifacient qualities in his work, Voodoo Medicine. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. There are many varieties such as peppermint, spearmint, lemonmint and horsemint. GV drafted the manuscript. Calle Cisneros No. Those who arrived in the 1940s came either by plane or boat, although they were migrating mostly for the same reasons. Beyra A, Len M, Iglesias E, Ferrndiz D, Herrera R, Volpato G, Godinez D, Guimarais M, Alvarez R: Estudios etnobotnicos sobre plantas medicinales en la provincia de Camagey (Cuba). Hernndez J. Uso popular de plantas con fines medicinales. dicinal plants utilized in the plain regions. (Kloss, 215) In Jordan's research on Voodoo medicine, he places more emphasis, however, on the calming properties of catnip, rather than purgative. Echinacea can be taken several times a day, as advised by an herbalist. He deduced that the bark and wood of the simarouba excelsa plant were an excellent tonic and febrifuge (that which acts to expel intestinal worms from the system). Anyone who has seen a cat lolling around blissfully on a pile of catnip knows that this herb can produce a definite reaction.. Voucher specimens were deposited at the CIMAC herbarium in Camagey (HACC). Macia M, Garcia E, Vidaurre PJ: An ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants commercialized in the markets of La Paz and El Alto, Bolivia. But even cerasee devotees say some of the claims might just be old wives tales. Among these, there are plants that are important medicinals for Haitians, such as Artemisia absinthium, Phyllanthus procerus, and Priva lappulacea, as well as culturally relevant Haitian food plants that are also used in the realm of traditional medicine, such as Abelmoschus esculentus, Cajanus cajan, Corchorus siliquosus, and Xanthosoma sagittifolium, and some species used for ritual and religious baths such as Allophylus cominia, Alpinia speciosa, and Vitex trifolia. 1959, Port-au-Prince: Imprimerie de L'etat. Among Haitians, these practices are often related to cosmological/ritual numbers, and plant quantities used in the preparation of the remedies and the timing of administration follow these numbers (mainly three and seven; see also Weniger et al. Additional file 1 Medicinal plants used by Haitian immigrants and their descendants in the Province of Camagey, Cuba.Inventory of medicinal plants used by Haitian immigrants and their descendants in the Province of Camagey, Cuba. 1984, La Habana: Editora Ciencias Sociales. The study of Haitian immigrants' traditional medicine in this context not only represents an interesting case about medicinal plant use, but also records knowledge that is rapidly disappearing with the death of older Haitian migrants. Bidens pilosa, Cymbopogon citratus, Majorana hortensis, Ocimum spp.). Article In my research, I discovered three herbs that are used for female problems both in Haiti and Ozarkia. They are used to treat rashes in children caused by measles and smallpox (e.g. Haiti is tropical and ginseng and goldenseal need cool, shady forest slopes to grow in. More than 50% of the mixtures are used to treat afflictions of the respiratory system. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. [25]). During the period 19001930, more than half a million Haitians entered the country legally or illegally [6,7]. Remedies shared between Haitian immigrants and their descendants and the Cuban population are mainly the result of the presence of shared ethnobotanical knowledge before migration took place, but as well reflect adoption by Haitian immigrants of plants and/or uses from the dominant Cuban pharmacopoeia and, to a lesser extent, vice versa. I surmise that Quassia the Surinam had seen a plant similar to bitterwood in Africa. They are persistent. Miel de gira is considered as a panacea, and its use is apparently widespread among Cuban and Cuban-Haitian populations as a preventive and a remedy, when it is taken in small spoons in doses of from one to five spoons per day [16]. Data also suggest that culturally relevant plants (those cited by more informants and with a greater number of uses) are often used in different qualitative ways by migrants and hosts. y tienen faxones y fabas muy diversos de los nuestros " Origin, Evolution and Diversity of Cuban Plant Genetic Resources. The Ethnobiology and Ethnopharmacy of Migrations. Traditional Haitian medicine retained an important role in healthcare and cultural practices soon after immigration, when Haitian livelihoods were based on work in the sugarcane fields, on the surrounding environment, and on their knowledge about that environment. Some touristic infrastructures (notably in Camagey city and Santa Luca beach) have been developed in the last decade [26]. The plant parts used include: leaves and aerial parts (53.5% as a whole), young leaves and shoots (9.7%), seeds and fruits (8.4% each), roots and tubers (7.7% as a whole), bark (4%), stems (3%), flowers (2.3%), rhizomes (1.3%), and resins and bulbs (0.6% each). (Laguerre, 68) By a mental process Laguerre terms cognitive mapping, Haitians seem to have a highly developed instinctual sense of their bodies, their circulatory systems particularly. An ethnobotanical investigation was conducted to collect information on medicinal plant use by Haitian immigrants and their descendants in the Province of Camagey, Cuba. The European slave owners were not without their healing knowledge, too. 10.1016/0378-8741(82)90072-1. [15]. The Ethnobiology and Ethnopharmacy of Migrations. Edited by: Hammer K, Esquivel M, Knpffer H. 1992, Gatersleben, Germany: Institut fr Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung, 1: 110-137. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine A Haitian carnival takes place every year in Santiago de Cuba, and a Creole radio program is broadcasted nationally [13]. Afro-Caribbean pharmacopoeia is that body of knowledge and practices around medicinal plants which finds its origins in the cultures of African slaves brought to the Caribbean [50]. GV, DG, AB, and AB carried out interviews and collected data in the field. Volpato G, Godnez D. Ethnobotany of Pru, a traditional Cuban refreshment. Traditional and ritual plant posology should be investigated in more depth in ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological studies in order to understand their relation with medicinal plant efficacy and toxicity. Laguerre, Michel S. Afro-Caribbean Folk Medicine, S. Hadley, Mass: Bergin & Garvey, 1987. A tummy ache? Often this practice is associated with a ritual acknowledgement of the plant and its power, by leaving a coin in the place where leaves have been collected, or by adding a coin to the bath and later leaving it at road crossing. Nowadays Haitians are mostly integrated into mainstream Cuban society, although many of them maintain a small-scale farming and livestock production as a base for their livelihoods. following Len [28], Len and Alain [29-31] and Alain [32,33]. Goat feces are dried, powdered, mixed with olive oil and applied topically for burns, while packages made of urine and cotton are applied to the back of the heads of children with fever. Different plant species are added to the basic preparation according to the specific medicinal purpose for which it is prepared: for example, Cissus spp. April 28, 2023. Ed. Conversely, Justicia pectoralis, reported by Haitians only as a component of one mixture, is widely used and reported by Cubans for its sedative effects [15,19]. Additional file 1 lists the plant species cited by informants in alphabetical order according to their scientific name, along with their botanical families, vernacular Cuban and Haitian names (as reported by informants during the fieldwork), voucher specimen numbers, parts used, preparation of the remedies, medicinal use, and frequency of mention. Cultura haitiana en Esmeralda. In: Hammer K, Esquivel M, Knpffer H, editor. Conversely, Justicia pectoralis, reported by Haitians only as a component of one mixture, is widely used and reported by Cubans for its sedative effects [15, 19]. Viladrich A. The Province is inhabited by some 780,000 people, or seven per cent of the Cuban population. The .gov means its official. Among these, a mixture prepared with the fruit of Crescentia cujete as a main ingredient is highly regarded by Haitians and is considered as a panacea. Momordica charantia, Solanum americanum and Stachytarpheta jamaicensis are among those species most cited by Haitians in this study. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help Ethnobotanical knowledge is dynamic for any given culture and it changes as it is transferred and appropriated by people who are adapting to new environments [44,45]. I used Kloss's Back to Eden and Santillo's Natural Healing with Herbs for my American source books. Along with the knowledge some of the slaves were able to bring a few plants. CD ROM Atlas Etnogrficos de Cuba. Comisin Nacional de Nombres Geogrficos: Diccionario Geogrfico de Cuba. Below are the links to the authors original submitted files for images. Information was obtained . Therefore, herbs are the medicine of choice and necessity. About 10% each of the remedies are prepared by means of juice extraction and infusion. They are used to treat rashes in children caused by measles and smallpox (e.g. Information was obtained from semi-structured interviews with Haitian immigrants and their descendants, direct observations, and by reviewing reports of traditional Haitian medicine in the literature. The authors declare that they have no competing interests. One natural remedy that can be made from the plants and herbs in your herb garden is a frustration painkiller called Echinacea. Calle Cisneros No. When a person thinks of sarsaparilla, what most often comes to mind is probably an old-fashioned sudsy drink not unlike root beer. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. Ososki AL, Balick MJ, Daly DC: Medicinal plants and cultural variation across Dominican Rural, Urban, and Transnational Landscapes. (Kloss, 300; Laguerre, 30). 1984, 10: 1-39. [15] who interviewed 29 Cuban informants across the Province of Camagey and reported 111 species used for medicinal purposes. Paul A, Cox PA: An ethnobotanical survey of the uses for Citrus aurantium (Rutaceae) in Haiti. In: Pieroni A, Vandebroek I, editor. 2005, 97: 337-350. But sarsaparilla is a root that is used medicinally both in Haiti and the Ozarks. In the latter province, they mainly settled in Haitian communities such as Caidije and Guanamaca, thus permitting the perpetuation of their own culture, including the voodoo religion and the creole language [912]. While I was able to match several Haitian herbs with American counterparts, I was a little disappointed that I could find no mention of the "biggies" of American herbal pharmacoepeia in Caribbean plant botany. Edited by Liz O. Baylen and Mike Benoist. 105 e/ngel y Pobre, Camagey, Cuba, Daimy Godnez,Angela Beyra&Adelaida Barreto, You can also search for this author in y tienen faxones y fabas muy diversos de los nuestros " Origin, Evolution and Diversity of Cuban Plant Genetic Resources. During the decades after emigration, the original Haitian ethnomedicinal knowledge progressively changed and adapted to the new environment, maintaining cultivation and use of important medicinal plants, incorporating plants and uses from the host Cuban culture, and diffusing specific plant uses to Cubans in contact with Haitian communities. Summary. Ozark people are surely not as impoverished as Haitians and they have better access to doctors and hospitals, but the majority of improvements to this area of Missouri have come within the past fifty years, and before that time, an old-fashioned way of curing one's ills was the tradition. Chenopodium ambrosioides, Momordica charantia) are used to treat intestinal parasites. Just one of the high notes from Seraphic Fire's first 20 years, Judy Blume, on top of the world (and her Key West bookstore), Adrienne Kennedy akennedy@wlrn.org (305)-995-2256, FRIENDS OF WLRN, INC. AS MEDIA MANAGER OF WLRN PUBLIC MEDIA. The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Part of Brutus TC, Pierre-Noel AV: Les plantes et legumes d'Haiti qui guerrissent. and Bidens pilosa are added to treat congestions of the respiratory system, whereas 'hot' plants (e.g. Haitian Plants Medicine, One natural remedy that can be made from the plants and herbs in your herb garden is a frustration painkiller called Echinacea. Back to Eden, 1939. All of the slaves traded their expertise in healing because of the plantation milieu and dire necessity in staying alive. Somehow, this knowledge was transmitted to slaves in America and they began treating themselves with quassia, also. Phillis has sold medicinal herbs since the age of 9, when she helped her mother. Most Haitians were illiterate, crowded into barracks (barracones), paid a miserable salary, and compelled to hand over their savings to reimburse the cost of their passage [7, 9]. [14], while some other information can be found in James et al. Davis had found Datura growing in Haiti. Revista Cubana de Alimentacin y Nutricin. The present investigation shows that Haitian migrants and their descendants living in the Province of Camagey (Cuba) have medicinal uses for 123 plant species belonging to 112 genera in 63 families. New York: McGraw-Hill, pp. Informants reported using 123 plant species belonging to 112 genera in 63 families. 1951, La Habana: Contribuciones Ocasionales del Museo de Historia Natural Colegio La Salle 10, P. Fernndez and Ca, Len H, Alain H: Flora de Cuba. The Haitian herbalist and her Ozark counterpart share a similarity: they both gather and use herbs because of necessity. Herbal mixtures used by Haitian immigrants and their descendants in the Province of Camagey. Especially over the last decade, Haitians in Cuba have begun to rediscover their roots and revitalize their traditional culture by forming Haitian associations and groups and celebrating festivals and other events. A list of medicinal plants was published by Brutus and Pierre-Noel (1960). A Haitian carnival takes place every year in Santiago de Cuba, and a Creole radio program is broadcasted nationally [13]. Before you rub yourself with it, Sister Francis instructed, youwash it and rub it all over where the itching is.. GV and DG conceived and designed the research. Different plant species are added to the basic preparation according to the specific medicinal purpose for which it is prepared: for example, Cissus spp. CERES Research School, Department of Social Sciences, Wageningen University, Hollandseweg 1, NL-6706, Wageningen, the Netherlands, CIMAC, Centro de Investigaciones de Medio Ambiente de Camagey, Cuba. Here Kloss seems to be hinting in his 1939 publication that vervain can be used to cause abortion. Manage cookies/Do not sell my data we use in the preference centre. The earthquake that hit Haiti on January 12, 2010, killed an estimated 230,000 people, wounded many more, and left a reported one million homeless. Au DT, Wu J, Jiang Z, Chen H, Lu G, Zhao Z. Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by Hakka in Guangdong, China.

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